Objective： To establish a quality control method for qualitative identification thin-layer chromatograph （TLC） of ,Dendrobium huoshanense, C. Z. Tang et S. J. Cheng by thin-layer chromatography （TLC）， and to rapidly identify the specific components of ,D. huoshanense,.,Methods,2,Using water-saturated ,n,-butanol as the developing agent， TLC was developed at a low temperature of 4 ℃. Using a 2% aluminum chloride-ethanol solution as the chromogenic reagent， the developed TLC plate was heated at 105 ℃ for 5 min， then the specific spots of ,D. huoshanense, were observed under ultraviolet light （365 nm） for authenticity identification. ,In situ, thin-layer chromatography-electrostatic field induced spray ionization-mass spectrometry （TLC-EFISI-MS,n,） technology was used for rapid structural analysis.,Results,2,The specific TLC identification method of, D. huoshanense, was established. It was found that there was a specific spot in ,D. huoshanense,， which could be used to distinguish ,D. huoshanense, from 13 species of ,Dendrobium,， such as ,D. officinale ,and, D. devonianum., Furthermore， this method was able to identify more than 20% adulterated ,D. officinale ,powder in ,D. huoshanense, powder. According to the relative molecular weight and multi-stage mass spectrometry fragmentation of the compound， the spot was preliminarily identified as the flavonoid compound apigenin‑6‑,C,‑,α,‑,L,‑rhamnosyl‑（1→2）‑,β,‑,D,‑glucoside‑8‑,C,‑,α,‑,L,‑arabinose， which is the specific component of ,D. huoshanense,.,Conclusion,2,The established TLC identification method is simple， sensitive， accurate and reliable， with good reproducibility and strong specificity. It provides an experimental basis for improving the quality control method of ,D. huoshanense,， and is of great significance for ensuring its quality and clinical efficacy.