1.河南中医药大学(河南 郑州 450046)
2.河南省中药特色炮制技术工程研究中心(河南 郑州 450046)
3.国家中医药管理局中药炮制传承基地(河南 郑州 450046)
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王唱唱,左蓓磊,徐若颖等.大皂角炮制历史沿革研究[J].上海中医药大学学报,2023,37(02):96-104.
WANG Changchang,ZUO Beilei,XU Ruoying,et al.Textual research of Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus historical evolution[J].Academic Journal of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2023,37(02):96-104.
王唱唱,左蓓磊,徐若颖等.大皂角炮制历史沿革研究[J].上海中医药大学学报,2023,37(02):96-104. DOI: 10.16306/j.1008-861x.2023.02.014.
WANG Changchang,ZUO Beilei,XU Ruoying,et al.Textual research of Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus historical evolution[J].Academic Journal of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2023,37(02):96-104. DOI: 10.16306/j.1008-861x.2023.02.014.
汉《金匮要略》记载以单味中药皂荚酥炙为丸的皂荚丸方,其皂荚即大皂角。为挖掘传承大皂角炮制技术,指导临床合理运用炮制品,利用可视化思维,通过查阅180部中医古籍(包括方论46部,杂著40部,本草23部,妇儿20部,伤寒、金匮15部,诊断3部,医案3部等),以及历版《中华人民共和国药典》和48部各省市炮制规范,直观分析大皂角名称、炮制方法、性味功效的沿革趋势。经考证,历史上大皂角不加辅料的炮制方法有去皮子、捣、锉、锤、烧、研末、炙、炮、炒、煨、焙、锻、熬膏等;加辅料的炮制方法有酥制、酒制、盐制(含盐水浸和盐炒)、醋制、蜜炙、童便制、谷糠炒、油制等。而现代则以生品为主,个别地方炮制规范中记载皂角炭、炒大皂角等。《中华人民共和国药典(2020年版)》记载大皂角祛痰开窍、散结消肿的功效与历代本草所载基本一致。从可视化角度分析大皂角炮制的历史脉络,整理并总结古今大皂角的性味与功效演变情况,可为大皂角后续炮制研究及其炮制品临床合理应用提供参考。
The “Jingui Yaolue” in the Han Dynasty recorded Zaojiawan Formula was a pellet made from a single Chinese medicine ,Gleditsia sinensis, Lam. by stir-heating with animal butter, and ,Gleditsia sinensis ,Lam. is the Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus. In order to excavate and inherit the processing technology of Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus and guide the clinical rational application of processed drugs, the evolution tends of the name, processing methods, properties and efficacy of Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus were intuitively analyzed in this paper through reviewing 180 related ancient Chinese medicine books (including 46 for discourses on prescription, 40 for miscellanies, 23 for herbals, 20 for gynecology and pediatrics, 15 for typhoid fever and Jingui, 3 for diagnosis, 3 for medical cases and so on), as well as the previous editions of the ,Chinese Pharmacopoeia, and 48 editions of local processing specifications by visual thinking. According to literature research, the historical processing methods of Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus without auxiliary materials included peeling and deseeding, smashing, filing, hammering, burning, grinding into fine powder, stir-heating, frying with high heat, frying, simmering, baking, calcining, boiling to paste and so on; while the methods adding auxiliary materials included processing with animal butter, wine, salt (including salt soaking and salt frying), vinegar, honey, children piss, bran frying, oil and so on. The modern processed products are mainly raw products, and the methods of charring or frying of Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus are recorded in the local processing specifications only in some places. The 2020 edition of the ,Chinese Pharmacopoeia, records Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus has the efficacy of dissipating phlegm for resuscitation and dissipating nodules and detumescence, which is basically consistent with that recorded in the traditional herbals. This paper analyzed the historical context of the processing of Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus from the perspective of visualization, sorted and summarized the evolution of properties and efficacy of Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus from ancient to present, providing reference for the subsequent processing study of Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus and the rational clinical application of its processed products.
大皂角名称炮制方法性味功效历史沿革
Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructusnameprocessing methodsproperties and efficacyhistorical evolution
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