Objective： To conduct the pharmacognosy research on Sinomenii Caulis， and its four adulterants from the aspects of morphological identification and microscopic identification to provide reference for solving the problem of variety confusion of Sinomenii Caulis.,Method,2,Optical microscope， stereoscope and other equipments were used to systematically observe and compare the traits， micro traits， normal light microscopic identification and polarized light microscopic identification of 25 batches Caulis Sinomenii and its four adulterants. Holographic color image data were collected by large image stitching technology and real-time depth of field expansion technology， and the morphological identification characteristics of Sinomenii Caulis and its adulterants were studied entirely from marcocosm to microcosm.,Result,2,The traits of Sinomenii Caulis and its adulterants and the holographic color images of their tissue cross-sections and powders under normal light microscope and polarized light microscope were obtained. An identification key was created for rapid identification on traits， microscopic cross-sections and powders of Sinomenii Caulis and its adulterants. Sinomenii Caulis and its adulterants can be quickly distinguished by the types and distribution patterns of calcium oxalate crystals in their cross-sectional cortex and phloem tissue.,Conclusion,2,The holographic color images of the cross-section of Sinomenii Caulis can clearly identify Sinomenii Caulis and its adulterants under polarized light. Whether calcium oxalate crystals exist and their existence forms， and whether sclereid exists under polarized light can be used to quickly distinguish powder of Caulis Sinomenii and its adulterants.